Green Antiscalants and their Efficiency: A Review
Keywords:
Green antiscalants, mechanism, scaling kinetics, phase transition, typesAbstract
Formation of scales cut across almost all industries where minerals find their way into waters utilized in production either directly or indirectly especially when such waters are subjected to changes in temperature, pressure, pH, supersaturation, hydrodynamics etc. Scaling causes incrustation as a result of heated surfaces, reduces life span of equipment and facilities where they occur. It also predisposes personnel to accidents and brings about economic losses and raises environmental concerns when they are non-biodegradable. In view of these threats of scaling, efforts have been directed towards tackling scale formation in the past and presently by using various methods which include the use of antiscalants also known as scale inhibitors to prevent scale formation or disperse scales when they are already formed. The challenge of these Antiscalants used in time past include non-biodegradability, toxicity, and bioaccumulation even though they are effective Antiscalants. Hence, there is need to make antiscalants that are readily biodegradable, non-toxic with no bioaccumulation and also efficient Antiscalants. Antiscalants meeting these three criteria are said to be green Antiscalants. In this review article, antiscalants, types, scaling mechanism and efficiency of some green antiscalants were x-rayed. This article would serve as a guide for future research on scales and related topics.Downloads
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